Taking a Look at Breast Cancer - 1052 Words

Nearly one in eight women in the United States will develop breast cancer at some point in her or his life (Breast Cancer Health Center, 2014). I am sure that almost everyone has been affected by breast cancer in one way or another, whether they had it or know someone who has had it. My mom’s aunt had breast cancer, as did my dad’s mother. My great-aunt luckily caught it early on and had it taken care of. Unfortunately, my grandmother caught it too late; it had spread all over her body and eventually ended up being the cause of her death. It is important to know the risk factors of developing breast cancer and what you can do to help prevent it, as well as knowing treatment options if you or someone you know is diagnosed with it. Breast cancer develops in the breast tissue. It develops primarily in the milk ducts or glands, and can travel to other parts of the body. Even if it has traveled elsewhere, it is still called breast cancer. If it has spread, it will usually be referred to as metastatic or advanced breast cancer (Breast Cancer Health Center, 2014). Although breast cancer can occur in both males and females, it is a lot more common in females. In fact, men account for just one percent of all breast cancer cases. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. In addition, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths only being preceded by lung cancer. Early detection of breast cancer can be lifesaving. If breast cancer is detected early on, it isShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Breast Cancer1760 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the Cancer Facts and Figures 2014 by the American Cancer Society, an estimated number of 232,670 women in the United States will be diagnosed with breast cancer, and about 2,360 new cases are expected in men. Breast cancer will possibly cause death to more than 40,000 female patients and 400 male patients in 2014. Excluding skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer that American women are diagnosed with. Additionally, breast cancer ranks second in the most deadly cancers among wo menRead MoreTaking a Look at Breast Cancer1758 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death among females in the world. It is known for â€Å"have both a genetic and non-genetic etiology† (Milne et al., 2010). It involves a combination of several factors- such as â€Å"genetic, environmental and behavioral risk factors†- that are unique to each individual (Nickels et al., 2013). This type of cancer is represented by a malignant tumor manifested in breast cells such as the line duct and line lobules cells, just to name a fewRead MoreTaking a Look at Breast Cancer955 Words   |  4 PagesBreast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women in the United States, after lung cancer. Every year, millions of women over the age of 40 go in for a routine mammogram to help prevent terminal breast cancer by early prognosis. While some very fortunate women will never actually be diagnosed with this cancer, they still undergo this medical test routinely. However, for every eight women there is one th at will be diagnosed with some form of breast cancer in their life. It seems as thoughRead MoreTaking a Look at Breast Cancer718 Words   |  3 Pagesasked her sister what was wrong. Elaine tried to ignore it and changed the subject. But Tina was worried and took her to the emergency room where the E.R. doctor diagnosed her with Stage 4 breast cancer. Since Elaine rarely went to doctors or got any checkups, she suffered from a late detection of breast cancer due to her fear of doctors. While visiting my family in New York for winter vacation 2011, I noticed that Elaine’s weight was dropping and her clothes were not as secure as they once were.Read MoreTaking a Look for Breast Cancer1083 Words   |  4 Pagesdiagnose for breast cancer is a regular self-check for changes in the chest or breast area. On finding a lump or cyst under the skin, it is ideal to visit a GP for confirmation although; most lumps or cysts are normal or non-cancerous. On confirmation of the presence of breast cancer, a patient would be further examined to find out the stage of cancer and what treatments would be ideal for them. This further testing includes a variety of techniques used to scan a suspected breast cancer such as MammogramRead MoreBreast Cancer : A Serious Condition1553 Words   |  7 PagesDestiny Myers BBH 411W.004 Prof. Gyekis 2/18/16 Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a serious condition and takes many people s lives each and every year. It accounts for at least 18.2% of cancer deaths worldwide.1 In society today, women are more focused on what appeals to men, rather than worrying about their own health. â€Å"If only women paid as much attention to their breast as men do† is promoted by National Breast Cancer Foundation. 2 The message that I took from this PSA is the notion that womenRead MoreBreast Cancer; Saving the Girls 959 Words   |  4 PagesBreast cancer is the second most prominent cause of cancer deaths in women. About 1 in 8 American women living in the U.S. will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer sometime during the course of their life. About 39,620 of those women will die from it. â€Å"Breast cancer occurs when cells in the breast divide and grow without their normal control† (Komen). There are two main types of breast cancer. Ductal carcinoma, the most common type which starts in the tubes that transport milk from the breastRead MoreBreast Cancer Prevention and Education Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the American Cancer Society, â€Å"Breast cancer is the common disease of women in the United States, other than skin cancer.† After lung cancer, it is the leading secondary cause of cancer death in women. It helps to have some basic facts about the normal makeup of the breasts to understand breast cancer. In the past, this disease was one of the most feared forms of cancer due to its fatality rate and because complete recovery often required breast removal. The best way to fight this diseaseRead MoreThe Significance Of Breast Cancer1022 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a serious disease that takes place in the cells of the breast. It is detected in many things, such as finding a lump or a change in how the breast looks. It is important to know how breast cancer works and the many parts that contribute to the knowledge of the disease. Famous actress Angelina Jolie brought breast cancer into the spotlight when she decided to get a double mastectomy. In the article â€Å"The Angelina Effect† that came from Times magazineRead MoreBreast Cancer That Develops From Breast Tissue Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesBreast cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, or a red scaly patch of skin. In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin. Risk factors for developing breast cancer include: female sex, obesity, lack of physical exercise, drinking alcohol, hormone replacement therapy during menopause

Tuskegee Syphilis Paper - 1481 Words

Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment Name University of Phoenix Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment The Tuskegee Syphilis experiment was a 40 years study from 1932 to 1972 in Tuskegee, Alabama. The experiment was conducted on a group of 399 impoverished and illiterate African American sharecroppers. This disease was not; however revealed to them by the US Government. They were told they were going to receive treatment for bad blood. The study proved to be one of the most horrendous studies carried out that disregarded the basic ethical principles of conduct. It symbolized medical and disregard for human life. Standard medical treatment at the time were toxic, dangerous and, often time questionable in respect to effect. Some of the studies†¦show more content†¦These 399 subjects were like lab rats with no value. The only offer these men received free physicals, free rides and hot meals on examination days, free treatment for their ailment and burial strip end paid to their survivors ($50, 000)(Hiltner, 1973). Failure to obtain consent and an of fer of incentive for participation indicated that PHS doctors were indeed performing immoral and unethical study on human beings with total lack of human rights and life. But most of these individuals in the study had no idea that their rights were violated. Since, this experiment went on for many years no one knew any better since they thought everything that was happening during this study was what they were suppose to experience (Timeline, 2008). For 40 year experimentation, a high price had been paid for this knowledge. Men had died; wives and their children had been infected because of the science and research (CDC, 2008). Little imagination is needed to ascribe racial attitudes toward the white government officials who took part in running this experiment but what about all the African Americans who took part with them. The experiments name came from a Tuskegee Institute that was a black university founded by Booker T. Washington. The affiliated hospital gave the PHS its medical facility to use during these studies that was a predominately black facility. Most of the individuals that were working on the experiment were black doctors and nursesShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Ethics Of The Tuskegee Syphilis Study1154 Words   |  5 Pagesparticipant associated with the research. This paper will not only focus on the breach of ethical conduct of human experimentation but also introduce different views from Henry Beecher and Jay Katz about the ethics in human research. One of the human experimentation study that breach ethical conduct is the Tuskegee syphilis study, which was conducted in 1932 in Macon County, Alabama. Medical researcher recruited African American male subjects diagnosed with syphilis, they targeted people from poor and ruralRead MoreEssay on tuskegee syphilis study1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tuskegee Syphilis Study was an unethical prospective study based on the differences between white and black males that began in the 1930’s. This study involved the mistreatment of black males and their families in an experimental study of the effects of untreated syphilis. With very little knowledge of the study or the disease by participants, the Tuskegee Syphilis Study can be seen as one of the worst forms of injustices in the United States h istory. Even though one could argue that the studyRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Guidelines2103 Words   |  9 Pagespurpose of this paper is to study the ethical consequences and show other ways to comply with accurate ethical values. Informed consents, protecting participants from harm and abiding by ethical guidelines helps research studies to be more accurate and precise. I have had the opportunity to read a variety of articles about ethical guidelines for research studies and I found The Tuskegee Syphilis Study to be the most interesting. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study took place in Tuskegee, Alabama were African-AmericanRead MoreTuskegee Experiment Essay2920 Words   |  12 Pages The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the Tuskegee Experiment based upon previous international study, it will also state the original study and where did it originate, the purpose of the study and the results. It will also state who or what were the principal investigators, the participants (gender, race, age), why and how did this study end. The original study of the Tuskegee research was a disreputable medical experiment carried out in the United States between 1932 and 1972Read MoreTuskegee Experiment Essay2250 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ Abstract The Tuskegee syphilis experiment was an infamous clinical study conducted between 1932-1972 in Macon Country, Alabama by the U.S Public Health Service. The purpose was to study the natural progression of untreated syphilis in rural African American men who thought they were receiving free health care from the U.S government; about four hundred African American men were denied. The doctors that were involved in this study had a shifted mindset; they wereRead MoreInformed Consent2410 Words   |  10 PagesStates was the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. Beginning in 1932, the Public Health Service along with the Tuskegee Institute, researchers recruited and enrolled 600 African-American poverty-stricken sharecroppers; 399 with syphilis and 201 without the disease. The purpose was to study that natural progression of the untreated disease, in the hopes of justifying treatment programs for African-Americans. By 1947, Penicillin had become the established treatment for syphilis, however the Tuskegee researchersRead MoreThe Tuskegee s Tuskegee Experiment986 Words   |  4 Pages The Tuskegee Experiment, is one of the most well known blunders of United States medical research in the 20th century. Not only was it entirely unethical and inhumane, but it also highlighted the problems of racism and inequality in the medical world and the entire country at that time. By examining and reviewing the history, consequences, racism, results, and conclusion of the Tuskegee Experiment, it can perhaps shed some light on the barbaric events that transpired throughout the research. AsRead MoreEthics Of The Tuskegee Study1377 Words   |  6 Pageshealthcare and performing scientific medical research. The Tuskegee study failed to uphold the moral codes. The Tuskegee syphilis study was the longest held study in the United States. The study continued for 40 years, from 1932 to 1972 which at that time a civil rights attorney ended the study and filed a lawsuit claiming the study carried out unethical methods. The Tuskegee study included only African American males with the diagnosis of syphilis. The study initially was to determine if the AfricanRead MoreHenrietta Lacks Families Website811 Words   |  4 PagesHenrietta Lacks Families Website The focus of my research paper is to inform readers whom Mrs. Lacks was and the injustice that happened with her and to prove she deserves recognition. In order to entirely grasp my topic one must know who Mrs.Lacks was. For this reason I’m using The Lacks Family’s official website that introduces her. This will help me introduce the topic in my research paper. The source provides Mrs.Lacks background information to help lead the topic. Explains that she was a nativeRead MoreMiss Evers Boys Film critique Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pagesinfamous Tuskegee Study. The study was about untreated black men with syphilis. The U.S. Public Health Service is said to have conducted a study among 600 black Americans from the years 1932 to 1972. This study was done in Macon County. This paper will exclusively explore the critique the Miss Ever’s Boys film using ethical frameworks. The ethical framework includes beneficence, justice, and respect for persons, duty-based ethics, virtue-based ethics, and the right’s-based ethics. The paper will identify

Strategic Marketing for Symbolic Value Transfer - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Marketing for Symbolic Value Transfer. Answer: Problems and opportunities statement Opportunities Analyzing the present market circumstances, it is recognized that various strong competitors are there in the New Zealand market for the Kiwi fruit. However, the Zespri is completely different and new as compared to the existing products. Zespri is good and qualitative for for the purpose of refreshment (Bez, Headquarter Tauranga, 2016). That is why it is assumed that Zespri will be demandable product I New Zealand market. Further, there is a good demand for kiwi fruit in the New Zealand market and the people have positive attitude towards fruit juice as compared to any other fruits as it its nutritional value is high as compared to any other fruits. Other opportunities are as follows Number of customers are increasing looking into the current circumstances of the fruit industry and the boom of population, it can be stated that New Zealand requires more modernized and various kinds of product which can be a big opportunity for enhancing the sincere status in the mind of the consumers through increasing the number of the quality product and various other product. Increasing the awareness of the customers in the recent years the people are more aware and concerned about health and their drinks and diets. People dont like take the drinks and foods from open and outside market. Therefore, it will be advantageous for delivering quality fruits (Lister, 2014). Lower cost related to technologies the technologies all over the world are rapidly changing for a better future. If the better technologies can be managed with lower cost, better quality goods can be provided to the students in lower price as compared to the competitors. Changes in the food habits owing to various reasons the customers of New Zealand are changing their food habits and are shifting towards the diet products like fresh fruits and moreover, the rate of shifting is growing rapidly (Black, 2015). Therefore, in the near future the company is expected to be more profitable. Threats Along with the opportunities, various threats are there in the market scenario that may affect the sales and growth opportunities of the product. Further, the customers always prefer the innovative products with regard to the marketing, packaging and development. Other threats for Zespri are as follows Increased competition the fruit market in New Zealand is in maturity stage. However, many companies are still interested to enter in the market. If new entrants enter the new market, it will increase the competition for Zespri to much higher level as compared to the present condition. Therefore, Zespri will face various difficulties for sustaining in the market. Pressure with regard to downward pricing owing to strong competition, Zespri will always face the threats from the fact that the product price can be reduced through other competitors and thereafter to sustain in the market Zespri will also have to reduce the price of their product (Ward Courtney, 2013). Wide number of the indirect competitors in the kiwi fruit sector, wide numbers of indirect competitors are there. Further, wide numbers of sellers are available for the same things that can be a major threat to Zespri. Strategic development Marketing objectives Various marketing objectives of Zespri are as follows To increase the frequency with regard to the usage of Zespri Green and make this a daily fruit Focus on the efficiency regarding all the marketing investments Continuing building up the base for golden consumers and increasing the trila and awareness for the product (Nieuwenhuizen, 2015). All the marketing investments are to be focussed on the enhancement of brand awareness, increasing the supporting and sales for price premium of zespri Marketing strategies for the product The global marketing strategies of Zespri are to continue to increase the communications with the consumers, promoting the health benefits of the kiwi fruit along with the positive vitality and health. As part of this, the company are also planning to communicate with the key consumers like dieticians, doctors, bloggers and nutritionists. Further, the company is focussing on Gulf States apart from assessing its potential over Egypt and Iran. It established the office over there with the staffs of the company whose strategy is communicating the customers directly that will be different from other fruit traders in the area who are the commodity sellers. Further, the company runs a promotion there where the customers have a chance to win the daily prizes and shopping vouchers within the leading chain of supermarket (Ferguson, 2016). Segmentation During the year 2016 17, Zespri had redefined their operating segments for better reflections of their main business activities. Therefore, in future, Zespri will report their business against the four key segments Non-New Zealand supply New Zealand kiwifruit New cultivators Others The New Zealand kiwifruit is the core business of Zespri and it represents 90% of the global sales of the company. The segment of non-New Zealand supply which is also referred as the Zespri Global Supply generated the revenue amounted to $ 216 million and the profit before tax amounted to $ 11.9 million for the year 2016-17. The segment related to new cultivator generates the revenue through royalty streams, licensing and co-founding the new cultivar research. In total, this segment earned the revenue amounted to $ 87.5 million and the segment profit before the tax amounted to $ 70.9 million. Finally the other segment covers all the activities linked with interest income, building and land. The revenue from other segments amounted to $ 4.0 million whereas the profit before tax amounted to $ 2.2 million. The activities under this segment are expected to increase after the commencement of new head office in Mount Maunganui, New Zealand. Targeting The target customers will be the the customers from all over New Zealand who have the demand for fresh and organic fruits and the retailers who directly sales the product to the customers. Zespri will continue providing their services to the existing customers of the producers those produces juices from fresh kiwis. Further, all the fruit shops all over New Zealand will also be under the target customer list of Zespri. However, the company will use internet as the main channel for marketing its product (Hill et al., 2014). Positioning strategies The long-term strategies of Zespri are to provide the leading portfolio with regard to the kiwifruit throughout the year. In addition to growth, the company is committed towards preserving the leading position through providing the products of high quality and are committed towards branded and premium strategy. The fruit industry has created the most recognisable global brands for fruit through Zespri. Further, as the supply with regard to non-NZ is significantly growing, it is assisting the position of Zespri in market throughout the year and it contributes towards the returns of the shareholders in future (Berti, Pizzi Ancarani, 2013). Value creation mix for customers Branding the fresh products was an important part for guaranteeing the quality and creating loyalty of the customers. Further, within high brand awareness and trade for Zespri the customers are able to understand the correlation among product quality and brand (Scrimgeour, Hughes Kumar, 2017). Moreover, the development of strong relations with the retailers assists them to create value as these retailers have considerable power and the strong equity of brand among their consumer base. Apart from this, the repositioning and redesigning the supply chain realised the customers value at the minimum possible price. Strategy Implementation of Zespri Kiwifruit Resource allocation As can be seen from the above discussion, that the demand for kiwifruit has been increasing in the recent times, in global scenario and the demand is subjected to increase even more in the near future. Much of this hike in the demand for this otherwise unconventional fruit can be attributed to the change in the income and preference structure of the consumer base, addition of new types of clientele, more awareness regarding better health and the good effects kiwi has on the same. The same also depends on the more globalized and interconnected markets which facilitates export and import of goods and services extensively (Zespri.com, 2017). Keeping this in consideration, it is of utmost importance for the company to allocate its limited resources, both labor as well as capital ones, in such a way that their revenue and profit is maximized, cost is minimized and the company moves towards a path of long run sustainability (Grant, 2016). Zespri, in this context, has designed their resource allocation framework in such a way that it keeps that it can increase its production of kiwifruit extensively and can also improve its global efficiency such that it helps in exporting more of their products in the international markets, especially those of high value (Bodie, 2013). The company targets to allocate, an additional land resource of 1800 hectares, along with the existing hectares of land. The land expected to be acquired by the company is with the license of European SunGold kiwifruit in the coming years, with the objective to double the production of the same in the long run, as this variety is the most demanded and one of the best selling products of the concerned company. Zespri Kiwifruit targets to allocate significant part of the proposed investment, through the partners of the company, which includes the four suppliers in Italy, namely, the Salvi Unacoa, Apofruit, Alegra-Intesa and the Spreafico. These suppliers have been in partnership with the company for the last seventeen years. The current working and of the company in Italy, especially for the SunGold variety is 800 hectares and there remains another 850 hectares of licensed land which is expected to be fully operational in the coming years. With the additional investment on and, the production of the company is expected to be 15 million trays in the coming years. Apart from investing massively on the productive lands, the company has also invested strongly on the continually improving and upgraded technology, which may help them in facilitating dissemination of effective technical advice to the growers who are working with the company. The company also invests in building up of effective growing techniques, research and development and also on the Psa learning, which has helped to increase the profitability of the firm in the recent periods. Implementation Plan Zespri is expected to acquire the 1800 hectares additional land in the next three years. Of this total acquisition, 1200 hectares of land is expected to be in Italy while the remaining is still not allocated. This is a huge investment on part of the company and the notion behind this huge dynamics in the resource allocation, as has been stated by the company itself, is to extend the operational base of the company, which will in turn increase the revenue and prospects of the company in the long run. The demand for kiwifruit has been continually increasing in the past few years and there remains a year round demand for the same around the world, especially in the high valued markets like those in Japan and other parts of Asia. Keeping this in mind the company is ready to make this huge investment to secure a twelve-month supply of their products as well as to increase the production to around 90 million trays within the time span of next five years (Rumelt, 2012). Apart from investment strategies, the company also emphasizes on a set of potential strategies, which can prove to be beneficial for the firm in the long run. These strategies include the following: The company targets to expand their clientele by targeting the existing markets along with the continually increasing scopes in the newly emerging markets. In this context, the company also focuses to venture in the high valued ones which includes Japan, China and other Asian countries, where the consumers are getting aware of this fruit. The company also targets to strengthen their supply chain and also targets to improve the relation with the existing players in the different supply side aspects, including the retailers, distributors and also aims in establishing new contacts in this supply chain. The cultivators are an integral part of this industry and therefore one of the potential strategies on part of the company is to improve their relationship with the primary cultivators as well as with the shareholders who have invested in the business (Ferguson, 2014). Another potential plan of the company, which if implemented appropriately, may prove to be highly beneficial for the company in the long run, is that of investing in other sectors like those of transportation, water and others, which have direct or indirect linkages with the production and cost effectiveness in production of the company. Strategy evaluation and control process The strategies taken by the concerned company and those, which are expected to be undertaken by the same in the near future, as, discussed in the above section, if implemented and monitored properly, have the potential to increase the profitability of the firm in the long run, contributing to its long run sustainability. Strategy evaluation The massive investment, which the company is expected to undertake in the coming years, though sounds to be highly ambitious, however, can prove to be effective in the long run for the company. This is because proper implementation of the investments and post investment monitoring and follow ups on part of the company can almost double the productivity of the company and help it to capture a considerably bigger clientele (Punt et al., 2016). Along with the investment strategy, the strategies of Zespri Kiwifruits, to strengthen their relationships, both in the supply side as well as in the demand side can also prove to be beneficial for the company. This is because a strong supply chain and a loyal clientele can hugely contribute in increasing the prospects of the company and improving its long-term efficiency and cost effectiveness in production (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). Control Processes Implementation of strategies should also be followed up with formulation of contingency plans and keeping provisions for crisis management for the company, which may include the following processes: a) Operational Control- Zespri Kiwifruit can evaluate the performances of the different production units, especially the new ones, inclusive of the new lands and cultivators make the operations smoother (Simaiakis et al., 2012). b) Strategic Control The strategies taken by the company has to be operated in a controlled framework, with proper provisions, which can be designed as follows: Premise Control The Company has to identify the key assumptions while implementing a strategy and with the occurrence of any change in such assumptions the company needs to assess the impacts of such changes on the implementation and outcome of that particular strategy. Surveillance A proper monitoring framework is required to keep a vigilant eye on the operational and strategic framework of the company. Crisis Management The Company needs to create a proper alert control which may enable the company to handle unanticipated situations which may arise in the implementation of the set of strategies (Goetsch Davis, 2014). References Berti, C., Pizzi, G., Ancarani, F. (2013). Symbolic Value Transfer for Commodity Differentiation: New Brand Creation Versus Brand Extensions in the Context of Agricultural Products. Bez, E., Headquarter, z. g., Tauranga, n. z. (2016).Logistic and distribution strategies in the fresh fruit supply chain: the case of kiwiberry from New Zealand. Black, M. (2015). Are there opportunities for a faster rate of innovation in the kiwifruit industry?. Bodie, Z. (2013).Investments. McGraw-Hill. Ferguson, A. R. (2014, September). Kiwifruit in the world-2014. InVIII International Symposium on Kiwifruit 1096(pp. 33-46). Ferguson, A. R. (2016). World Economic Importance. InThe Kiwifruit Genome(pp. 37-42). Springer International Publishing. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Grant, R. M. (2016).Contemporary Strategy Analysis Text Only. John Wiley Sons. Hill, M. G., Connolly, P. G., Reutemann, P., Fletcher, D. (2014). The use of data mining to assist crop protection decisions on kiwifruit in New Zealand.Computers and electronics in agriculture,108, 250-257. Lister, C. (2014). Fresh produce and new health claims regulations.Food New Zealand,14(3), 18. Nieuwenhuizen, N. (2015).Transcriptional and hormonal regulation of fruit flavour in apple and kiwifruit(Doctoral dissertation, ResearchSpace@ Auckland). Punt, A. E., Butterworth, D. S., Moor, C. L., De Oliveira, J. A., Haddon, M. (2016). Management strategy evaluation: best practices.Fish and Fisheries,17(2), 303-334. Rumelt, R. P. (2012). Good strategy/bad strategy: The difference and why it matters.Strategic Direction,28(8). Scrimgeour, F., Hughes, W., Kumar, V. (2017). The Economic Contribution of Kiwifruit Industry Expansion to the Bay of Plenty, Northland and New Zealand Economies. Simaiakis, I., Sandberg, M., Balakrishnan, H., Hansman, R. J. (2012, May). Design, testing and evaluation of a pushback rate control strategy. In5th International Conference on Research in Air Transportation. Ward, C., Courtney, D. (2013). Kiwifruit: taking its place in the global fruit bowl.Adv Food Nutr Res,68, 1-14. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson. Zespri.com. (2017).Zespri to increase Italian production SunGold kiwifruit to meet rising demand.Zespri.com. Retrieved 1 November 2017, from https://www.zespri.com/companyinformation/newsroom/increaseitaliansungold

Women In Work Place Essays - Sexism, Labour Economics,

Women In Work Place The past decades there has been a dramatic increase of women participating in the labor force from countries all over the World including Canada. In 1950, one Canadian worker in five was a woman. By 1980 this percentage had doubled, and women are expected to make up more than 44 percent of the labor force by the end of this century. The increase in female participation started occurring during the 1970's. This increase also caused the largest baby boom that the Canadian female labor force had ever witnessed. In North America it is common for women to have part-time or summer jobs, and the participation rate of teenage girls is high. It is also mostly high throughout the world in places as United Kingdom because of the fewer women going to school. But in places like France, Italy, and Japan the female participation rate is very low. In most of the countries the labour force is most participated in the age groups between 20 and 24. The labor force of mature women is very high in Sweden, because of the encouraged day care facilities, which also provides the females with legislation that provides them with excellent benefits. In Japan there is a drop in female economic activity, the reason why is it affects their marriage and the care of their only child. An observation of labor force participation rates in Canada show that female rates rose a lot between 1971 and 1981, while the male rate rose unnoticeably. The increase in the female participation rate was found in all age groups except in older women. For women aged 15 to 19 the rate was as almost as high as the men. But the largest increase was in the age group of 25-44 years old, where the rate rose almost 50 percent. This meant that the participation rates of the females had become more alike with the men. Family status also influenced the female participation rate but later on during 1981 it had a more less affect than in 1971. According to statistics just over one quarter of married women with young children were working, but this later changed and grew by 76 percent over a 10-year period of time. The rate also showed an increase of 47 percent for widowed, divorced, and separated women with children. However single women with young children showed a slight decrease. However the female participation rate is not so much related to family status as today as it was many years ago. During the period of 1971 through 1981 the involvement of married women went through a major change. Fewer women saw marriage as a reason to interrupt their participation in the job force, and couple tended to postpone having children or not having any at all. While women with young children tended to participate less in the labor market and quit their jobs more frequently than men. Females did the exact opposite of what men did when they had children while working, and in some cases were actually more stable than men without children. This showed that the couple's attitude towards having children influenced a decrease in the female labor force participation rate. In 1981 most women spent an average of 1,247 hours a year working, compared with 1,431 hours in 1971 which had dropped about 15 percent. Even men saw their average hours decrease by 13 percent. Not only more women were working, more were working part-time for only part of the year which meant more women on the unemployment rolls. In the 1960's the unemployment rate for females was 3 percent and ten years later increased to 7 percent. Since June 1982 the unemployment rate for men was 11-13 percent and the women's just above that rate which could also exceed that of the men near the end of the century. Only about 11 percent of women had part-time jobs because they couldn't find full-time employment or because they wished to spend more time to their education or their families, or for other reasons. Although 24 percent of the women working part-time would have preferred a full-time job if it had been available. According to the Statistics Canada study, in 1970 women were extremely poorly paid which showed a big earnings difference than the men. This started changing in the 1970's, which rose the females earning to 51.2 percent of that of a man. Ten years later it had reached 54.4 percent. If it weren't for the decrease in annual hours for the females the

Globalization Standardization And Increasing Management Essays

Globalization Standardization And Increasing Management Essays Globalization Standardization And Increasing Management Essay Globalization Standardization And Increasing Management Essay Globalization, standardisation and increasing demand for more skilled work force have underpinned the work forces satisfaction, with workers retention being the focal point of attending. Workers turnover has been dominated by expatriate turnover. Despite the chances present for exiles keeping, exile turnover still remains a major issue with this scenario being blamed on colored policies and pay declarations. This job is farther confounded by manpower deficit. HICAP is a telecommunications company in KSA that employs 520 forces of which 49 per cent ( 252/520 ) are exiles. Their heavy dependance on exiles has placed them in a unstable place in every bit far as exiles turnover is concerned. Between 2008 and 2011 the company has experienced expatriate turnover rate at 3.2, 4.5, 8.2 and 13 per cent severally. The company had to pay 4 million dollars in punishments when six cardinal members of one of its execution squads resigned ensuing in the hold in bringing of a key undertaking ( Dabbas A ; Elvin, 2012 ) . : This paper purposes to measure the factors lending to deport turnover in KSA by placing loopholes to deport workers keeping and how to stop up these loopholes. It besides considers the viability of the available solutions. The research is based on publically available information on exiles turnover and administered questionnaires. Statement of the job The job addressed by this thesis is expatriates turnover in KSA concern constitutions. As concern constitutions strive to retain the best their work force together, their attempts are non divorced of challenges. It is estimated that exile turnover is an expensive job in footings of replacing bygone employees, transfering work and detaining current work ( Bhuian amp ; Al-Jabri, 1996 ) . In fact, since concern constitutions experience expatriate turnover issues, they face alone challenges that include dependance on other factors that include household credence, cultural clangs, authorities policies and support, and pay issues. All the mentioned factors taken into history, the construct of expatriate keeping to counter turnover is non difficult to spread, thereby doing its acceptance popular. Business grounds for carry oning the research There are many concern grounds for carry oning this research. First ground is to ease expatriate workers keeping in KSA concern constitutions. Then, Allow for the execution of policies that may ease expatriate workers keeping. Furthermore, this research is intended to enable concern constitutions place, understand and track exile turnover tendencies, every bit good as develop appropriate schemes to run into these tendencies. The research findings, one time published in equal reviewed publications, will supply concern constitutions in KSA with more information on exiles turnover and keeping. Furthermore, findings will increase the relevancy and involvement, among the imperativeness, investors and the general populace, on KSA employment tendencies. Personal grounds for carry oning the research This research is a demand for the fulfillment of my academic plan and, as such, it is carried out to finish my academic surveies. Other personal grounds for carry oning this survey include ; assistance concern direction as an art and scientific discipline, facilitate exile keeping in KSA, and addition reassurance. Research inquiries Research inquiries identify the phenomenon to be investigated. In this instance, the major research inquiry is: How make the internal and external organisation constructions affect expatriate turnover and keeping in KSA concern constitutions? Other research inquiries to be answered by the thesis include: What is the relational lucifer between internal and external environment, and deport turnover and keeping? What factors would restrict expatriate keeping by KSA concern constitutions? Questionnaire A questionnaire is a primary research tool that involves the disposal of a series of formulated and related inquiries to a mark group with the purpose of garnering informations related to a specific subject. When compared to other primary informations aggregation methods, it is found to hold a figure of advantages that include lower costs for readying and disposal, lower attempt and energy demands in disposal, and easiness in roll uping collected informations. Despite these advantages, it has a figure of defects that include standardised replies that could thwart interviewees every bit good as the demand for users to be literate and linguistic communication proficient. These defects make it hard to utilize the tool to roll up primary informations in certain mark demographic groups ( Freedman, et al. , 2007 ; Kish, 1995a ; Kish, 1995b ; Statistics Canada, 1998 ; Urdan, 2010 ) . This research survey has designed, developed and used an ordinal-polytomous questionnaire with closed ended inquiries along with some qualitative inquiries that are deemed both reciprocally sole and thorough in roll uping the primary informations for run intoing the survey aims. This questionnaire has been designed to aim expatriate employees at HICAP. Section one of the questionnaire collects general demographic information on exile employees. This subdivision has seven inquiries with the first inquiry being the proviso of consent to take part in the study upon apprehension of the study demands and ends. Their age, matrimonial position, degree of instruction, cultural beginning, current place, and length of clip spent working may explicate the respondents sentiments and positions. On degree of instruction, the more learned the respondent is may hold a better grasp and apprehension of the issues under examination than their opposite numbers of limited instruction background/experience. Section two collects information on exile turnover ancestors that may do turnover purpose behavior. Section three collects information on respondents sentiment of internal organisation factors that affect expatriate turnover. Section four collects information on respondents sentiment of external factors that affect expatriate turnover. Research purposes and aims This research seeks to set up a functional lucifer between demographic internal and external environment, and deport turnover and keeping in KSA concern constitutions. During the research procedure a study will be conducted of the internal and external concern environment. This includes wage satisfaction and authorities policies influence. In so making the research will indicate out the appropriate procedures and redress to the assorted challenges identified. In set uping this functional lucifer, the thesis looks into factors impacting exile turnover. The result can be used by both bookmans and concern executives in offering penetrations into the best manner for KSA concern constitutions to retain exiles every bit good as construct a model for future analysis. In so making this thesis will: Administer structured questionnaires to roll up perceptual experience of exiles on internal and external environmental factors that influence their keeping and turnover. Identify and analyze the relationship between internal and external environment, and deport turnover and keeping by KSA concern constitutions. Identify defects that would be corrected. Therefore, as the research looks into expatriate turnover by KSA concern constitutions, it aims to turn to the undermentioned aims: Empirically analyze the chief ancestors of exile turnover in SA. Recommend ways to extenuate causes of expatriate turnover ancestors. To use quantitative attack to research by doing usage of structured questionnaires and statistical analyses to bring forth quantitative consequences. To bring forth deductions and decisions sing the impact of external and internal environment factors on exile turnover and keeping in KSA. Significance of the research The thesis is of import in placing the implicit in factors that facilitate expatriate turnover in KSA concern constitutions. It is hoped that by implementing the thesis findings there will be an addition in keeping of expatriate workers. The thesis can be a learning paradigm to heighten direction accomplishments and expatriate keeping. The research ends are formulated with the purpose that one time met they will help KSA concern better their competency, develop better accomplishments, implement good programs, and take part in plans that enhance their overall keeping of exiles. The end product of this survey is a beginning stuff that concern constitutions can digest and air to assist better their efficiency and effectivity. The findings of this thesis can lend to the current literature that highlights the relationship between external and internal work environment, expatriate keeping and turnover. Upon apprehension of the relationship, the concern constitutions are likely to heighten their capablenesss in turn toing defects created by exile turnover ( Andaleeb A ; Conway, 2006 ; Bhuian A ; Al-Jabri, 1996 ) . It is anticipated that this thesis will be utile to the research workers and academicians by lending to the bing literature in the field of concern direction in general and expatriate keeping in peculiar. This survey will be besides good for Managers and direction advisers. It will let them to place the countries in concern direction where they can capitalise on chances and/or utility inefficiencies every bit good as explicate the relation between external and internal environment, and deport turnover and keeping.

Top 5 Freelance Mistakes To Avoid

Top 5 Freelance Mistakes To Avoid Top 5 Freelance Mistakes To Avoid Top 5 Freelance Mistakes To Avoid By Colin The road of freelance writing is fraught with pot-holes, sharp bends, and hidden horizons, so it pays to know a few of the mistakes in advance to help make the journey go that little bit smoother. It’s easy to make mistakes when working as a self-employed person, and even the smallest error may have a mis-proportionally negative affect on your business. Here we look at the costliest top 5 mistakes most often made by freelancers monetary and business and the easy ways to prevent them from harming your business. Accepting The Lowest Offer It’s very easy, especially when first starting out on the freelance road, to accept lower paying assignments just to get a foot in the door. It’s part of the bottom-up learning curve, and something everyone has to work through to get to the top. However, many writers are willing to settle far too easily, both for cheap writing gigs, and for poor standards of work. You get what you pay for in this business like any other, so not only will your reputation go down the drain, but you will end up working every hour that God sends for a pittance. Knowing when to move on from a market is an important part of freelancing, but it must be conquered it you are to grow to higher paying markets, higher levels of professionalism, and a better standard of living. Always strive to push yourself outside of your comfort zone, and if that means thanking the editor of a reliable but poorly paid source of work, while ending your agreement with him, then that’s what must be done. As you do move up the ranks, use your experience and confidence to ask for more money. Create a rate card and stick to it no matter what. This is hard to do initially because you will be afraid potential clients will walk, but when was the last time you challenged a plumber or electrician about their prices? Yes, they are expensive, but they are also the experts. Remind clients they get what they pay for, that you are the expert, and show them the benefits you provide. Not Doing The Research Don’t let ignorance of a subject put you off writing about it. Clients appreciate a willingness to learn and grow with them, and it opens you up to more market opportunities in the future. When you do take on an assignment for a subject you know little about, always makes sure to do your research properly. Don’t assume because you have read the relevant page on Wikipedia you are suddenly an expert. A good freelance writer will check all sources, read up and study from various portals, talk to the people who do have the knowledge, and cross-check everything. Submitting an assignment with one or two errors in a new subject is forgivable, but handing in work that is riddled with inaccuracies and falsehoods will lose you a client, and your good reputation. Finally, when querying an editor, don’t wait for him to call you or respond with a ‘yes’ before you begin your research, as you will look foolish when you can’t answer his questions. Do your research before you send your query, that way when the editor gets in touch, you will look professional because you are professional. Missing Deadlines Missing a deadline is like taking a sledgehammer to your own reputation. Why go to the trouble, time, and expense to land a project, only for the submission date to come and go? It’s unprofessional, a mark of disrespect to your client, and suicidal. No editor wants to work with writers who are unreliable. When you receive an assignment with a deadline, set your own personal deadline a few days before and stick to it. That way you can buy extra time should you need it, and if not, your client will be delighted you have exceeded his expectations. Getting assignments in early means your chance of getting more work with the same client increase ten fold, and shows you are willing to work for an editor, not against him. But if for some reason you are struggling, talk to your client, be up front, and be honest. He is more likely to appreciate your honesty in advance, than be glad you missed the deadline without so much as an email. Taking Editors For Granted Trust is vital in the freelancing game; it can take one solid initial assignment to start it growing positively, but can be easily destroyed by one careless article or email to the editor. Never email an editor more than you have to, but never be scared to ask questions either. It sounds like a catch 22, but the truth is, editors appreciate honesty and communication. They are busy people with more than just you on their mind, but if you have a problem or need clarification, then ask in a short, polite, and to the point email. Just don’t keep thanking them or asking how their personal life is. Similarly, keep editors, publishers, or anyone else involved with the running of your freelance business off your joke emailing lists. Keep that sort of thing within your circle of friends, and don’t let the latest funny picture of a Himalayan goat ruin your freelance reputation. Your relationship with an editor is a professional one, so act like a professional. Always remain calm, and if they have said or written something that offends you, take your anger out on an omelet and batter an egg instead. Not Following Up Never give an editor time to forget your name, and always strike when the iron is hot. Many successful business partnerships have been forged through the art of networking and self-promotion. If you’ve completed a successful assignment and been paid, send a hand-written thank you note or a personal e-mail to the editor, and remind them you are willing to develop the relationship should they wish to continue. Make them feel good about hiring you, and prove you are as good as your word. Maybe they can’t offer you more work immediately, but many projects have been won by a freelance writer through recommendations and word of mouth alone. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:60 Synonyms for â€Å"Walk†Connotations of 35 Words for Funny People45 Idioms with "Roll"

A comparison of cultural literacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

A comparison of cultural literacies - Essay Example They discovered a worldwide problem with regards to the access of the people to education. Base on their reports, there from non-western countries, there is an estimated 130 million children who are about to go to school will not be able to get any basic education based on the questions of poverty and their access to schools. A systematic comparison in educational system is the bottomline to first understand how an educational system caters to the need of the greater public. The essential function of providing education for people is for them to be literate and be globally competent. This might be dependent on how education has been deviced and presented to them since the younger age up to collage and how they or they do not benefit from it. There are considerable factors that are needed to be tackled in understanding this, such as the socio-demographic condition of a particular country, cultural upbringing and religious backgrounds, technological aspect and economic factors. Clear comparison between two different two educational system in divers cultural backgrounds, economic factors etcetera is imperative.There might be strong points to show comparison between the qualities of education to locations where poverty is high than those places with lower poverty. There is also a demographic considerations that is needed to be understood to visualize an effective comparisons to the present educational system (both tradional and innovative) and to the educational system of other non-western countries. First there is already the question about traditional and innovative education and how can or cannot be effective to cater the learner’s need. Both of them has the core goal of educating the public but perspective and approaches are not similar. The concern of traditional and non-traditional of innovative education can be rooted up from the ideas of people who claimed traditional education as too conservative and therefore not